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Cardiac Physiology

Cardiac cycle phases (isovolumetric contraction/relaxation, ejection, filling)

Venous return and mean systemic filling pressure

Cardiac output equations and Fick principle

Autonomic control of heart rate and contractility

Coronary blood flow regulation

Myocardial oxygen demand

Frank–Starling mechanism

Preload, afterload, contractility, compliance

Pressure–volume loops

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