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Gastrointestinal Physiology – Secretion and Digestion

Salivary gland secretion and composition

Hormonal regulation (secretin, CCK, GIP)

Brush-border enzyme activity

Enterohepatic circulation

Bile production, storage, and composition

Pancreatic enzyme secretion and bicarbonate transport

Gastric acid secretion (H⁺/K⁺-ATPase, histamine, gastrin, acetylcholine regulation)

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